Abstract
[This is an excerpt.] Even during what may be considered “normal” times, the work of public safety employees (e.g., police, firefighters, emergency medical service [EMS] personnel, and 9-11 dispatchers) can be categorized as high risk and high stress. When human error is introduced, the services provided by public safety professionals have the potential to result in extremely harmful and fatal outcomes. First responders, or the individuals responsible for immediately going to the scene of an emergency to assist, are often exposed to dangerous situations and required to make rapid, critical decisions. This duty does not rest on a few individuals; it is believed that over three million individuals in the United States alone may be considered first responders, and their employing departments have annual operating budgets of over $181 billion (Department of Homeland Security, 2017). [To read more, click View Resource.]
