Abstract
Emergency response personnel are exposed to trauma, critical incidents, potentially morally injurious encounters, deaths, suicide, and interpersonal and intrapersonal conflict, which lead to negative effects on their wellbeing. Their work environment is arduous and demanding mentally, emotionally, physically, and spiritually. The needs assessment evaluated 41 central Texas emergency response and law enforcement personnel in terms of religious spiritual struggle, posttraumatic stress, quality of life, moral injury, critical incident history, and meaning in life. The needs assessment of a subset of emergency response and law enforcement personnel revealed that religious spiritual struggle has a significant negative relationship to quality of life (p < .00, r = -0.53) and a significant positive relationship with critical incident history (p < .00, r = 0.52) and posttraumatic stress (p < .00, r = 0.50). Based on these findings, the researcher designed a clinical supervision theory framework to assist clinicians who work with emergency response personnel. Using a qualitative grounded theory approach, the researcher created the REVEAL supervision model through metasynthesis of qualitative studies focused on spirituality in supervision. Upon creation of the REVEAL model, eight expert reviewers were interviewed to share evaluations of the model. The expert reviewers were counselors, therapists, social workers, psychiatrists, chaplains, and physician assistants. Implications for practice, further adaptation, and future research are discussed, along with limitations of the study.
